在之前的文章取消J/F 签证的「宽限期」?!中,讨论了DHS(国土安全部)的立法变更,限制了国际学生的学习。总之,它试图为F签证持有者(非移民学术学生),J签证持有者(交流访问者)和I签证持有者(外国信息媒体的代表)建立一个固定的入学时间和延长逗留程序。
现在,这项新规定将如何影响当前的国际学生?拟议规则中有一部分涉及“过渡规定”,NAFSA:国际教育工作者协会很好地概述了学生将如何受该规则影响。
内容摘要
取消现役学生的D/S
当前法规
F和J学生在进入美国时已拥有所有必需的文件,并将被盖章D / S(身份持续时间)。这允许学生在课程结束日期内停留在美国,加上宽限期(F学生为60天,J学生为30天)。由于D / S并非固定日期,报名OPT,STEM OPT,更改其学历或转移到其他机构时学生无需提交任何其他表格来延长其停留时间。
拟议规则
根据拟议的规则,以前接受D / S的F或J非移民将过渡到固定的入境日期,即:
- I-20表格(或OPT EAD)或DS-2019的计划结束日期,该日期在最终规则的生效日期有效,
- 对于F非移民,另加60天,对J非移民,另加30天,但
- 从最终规则的生效日期起不超过4年(即使是“ 2年”类别)
换句话说,入读四年制合格学校的学生将被允许停留到I-20或DS-2019上写明的计划结束日期以及允许的宽限期。但是,如果计划的结束日期超出了“最终规则的生效日期”之后的4年,则这些学生将需要延长逗留时间。
这适用于未经认可-unaccredited 的学校就读的学生。我将在此处简要说明“ 4年”和“ 2年”类别。根据拟议的规则,未经认可的高等教育机构就读的学生只能在美国停留2年并在美国学习。最初的两年后,学生将必须填写延期停留表(I-539,延期/更改非移民身份申请表)并完成该过程以完成学位。这项新的“ 2年制”规定将不适用于在美国保持F和J身份的当前学生,无论他们在哪个学院就读。
Transition provision. The status of F and J nonimmigrants who are in the United States for “duration of status” on the future effective date of a final rule would expire on the program end date on the alien’s Form I-20 or DS-2019 that is valid on the final rule’s effective date, not to exceed a period of 4 years from the final rule’s effective date, plus an additional period of 60 days for F nonimmigrants and 30 days for J nonimmigrants. The proposed regulatory wording would be added by a new paragraph at 8 CFR 214.1(m):
ESTABLISHING A FIXED TIME PERIOD OF ADMISSION AND AN EXTENSION OF STAY PROCEDURE FOR NONIMMIGRANT ACADEMIC STUDENTS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND REPRESENTATIVES OF FOREIGN INFORMATION MEDIA
(m) Transition period from duration of status to a fixed admission date—
(1) Transition from D/S admission to a fixed admission period for aliens properly maintaining F and J status on [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE]. Aliens with F or J status who are properly maintaining their status on [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE] with admission for duration of status are authorized to remain in the United States in F or J nonimmigrant status until the later date of either the expiration date on an Employment Authorization Document (Form I-766, or successor form), or the program end date noted on their Form I-20 or Form DS-2019, as applicable, not to exceed a period of 4 years from [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE], plus the departure period of 60 days for F nonimmigrants and 30 days for J nonimmigrants.
在新法规出台后入学的学生
当前法规
(与第一种情况相同)F和J学生在进入美国时将被盖章D / S(状态持续时间)。这使学生可以在课程结束日期前停留在美国,并加上宽限期(F学生为60天,J学生为30天)。由于D / S并非固定日期,报名OPT,STEM OPT,更改其学历或转移到其他机构时学生无需提交任何其他表格来延长其停留时间。
拟议规则
在最终规则生效日期之后寻求重新进入美国的在读学生,将服从新的固定日期规则。因此,将在边境时评估学生可以在美国停留和学习的时间。如果该学生入读被认为是“两年制”类别的大学,则他或她的入学期限最长为两年。
取消D/S和OPT,STEM OPT参与者
当前法规
无论F学生完成该程序需要花费多长时间,学生都可以提交OPT申请。如果OPT请求得到批准,学生可以停留到OPT结束日期加上宽限期的60天。如果OPT请求被拒绝,学生可以停留到计划结束日期和宽限期。
拟议规则
下面粘贴的是NAFSA对拟议规则对OPT / STEM OPT申请人影响的摘要:
- 申请OPT或者STEM OPT的申请人的I-765如果在最终规则生效日期时处在Pending的状态,那么不用提交I-539或者重新提交I-765将可以继续逗留在美国
- 如果USCIS批准了OPT,则F-1可以保持F状态,直到OPT EAD到期为止,再加上60天。
- 如果USCIS拒绝OPT:如果学生的课程结束日期尚未过去,则可以留在美国,直到其I-20表格中列出的课程结束日期加上60天。如果在USCIS拒绝I-765时已经结束了计划的结束日期和60天的宽限期,则学生必须立即在没有宽限期的情况下离开美国。
此外,在最终规则全面展开之后申请的OPT申请人会发生什么?鉴于第一种情况和第二种情况都允许学生在其I-20计划结束之前停留,因此他们很有可能需要同时提交I-539表格和I-765表格(就业授权申请)。
(1) Transition from D/S admission to a fixed admission period for aliens properly maintaining F and J status on [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE]. … Any authorized employment or training continues until the program end date on such F or J nonimmigrant’s Form I-20 or DS-2019, as applicable and as endorsed by the DSO or RO for employment or training, or expiration date on Employment Authorization Document (Form I-766, or successor form).
(2) Pending employment authorization applications with USCIS on [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE] filed by aliens with F-1 status. F-1 aliens described in paragraph (m)(1) of this section who have timely and properly filed applications for employment authorization pending with USCIS on [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE] do not have to file for an extension or re-file such applications for employment authorization, unless otherwise requested by USCIS.
(i) If the F-1’s application for post-completion OPT or STEM-OPT employment authorization is approved, the F-1 will be authorized to remain in the United States in F status until the expiration date of the employment authorization document, plus 60-days. If the employment authorization application is denied, the F-1 would continue to be authorized to remain in the United States until the program end date listed on their Form I-20, plus 60 days, as long as he or she continues to pursue a full course of study and otherwise meets the requirements for F-1 status.
(ii) Aliens in F-1 status with pending employment authorization applications, other than post-completion OPT and STEM-OPT, who continue to pursue a full course of study and otherwise meet the requirements for F-1 status, continue to be authorized to remain in the United States until the program end date listed on the Form I-20, plus 60 days, regardless of whether the employment authorization application is approved or denied.
ESTABLISHING A FIXED TIME PERIOD OF ADMISSION AND AN EXTENSION OF STAY PROCEDURE FOR NONIMMIGRANT ACADEMIC STUDENTS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND REPRESENTATIVES OF FOREIGN INFORMATION MEDIA
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