哈佛，麻省，加州大学怒告美国政府

越来越多的美国高校宣布了他们计划对政府提起诉讼或与其他机构一起针对ICE（美国移民和海关执法局）提起联邦诉讼。哈佛大学和麻省理工学院于7月8日提出了诉状，随后加州州立大学系统和该州社区大学也提出了诉讼。该诉讼反对特朗普政府禁止在线学习的F签证学生进入美国并在美国停留。这是加州对SEVP的更新提出的第一起诉讼，这也是加利福尼亚大学（UC）针对DHS（国土安全部）的第二起诉讼，同时这也是加利福尼亚州针对唐纳德·特朗普总统的第86起诉讼。在这篇文章中，我们将讨论这些学院针对ICE规则提起诉讼的原因和他们要求的改变，以及总统和美国大学在Instagram帖子中有关SEVP政策的一些内容。

相关阅读1: 2020秋季F1全面网课将不能进入美国 相关阅读2: SEVP在线课程政策和F学生常见问题

内容摘要

• 针对ICE规则的诉讼
• 关于ICE SEVP更新
• 大学采取法律行动的承诺

关于ICE规则的诉讼

加利福尼亚州立大学系统于5月份宣布了他们将在2020年秋季继续提供远程学习。同样，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院也计划为即将到来的秋季学年开放校园，但仅针对学生群体的一小部分。ICE宣布的规则完全打乱了他们原本的计划，并且对了4名被告提出了诉讼：

1. 美国国土安全部
2. 美国移民和海关执法局（美国国土安全部的一个部门）
3. 乍得·沃尔夫（Chad F. Wolf），美国国土安全部代理秘书
4. 马修·阿尔本斯（Matthew Albence），美国移民与海关执法局局长

哈佛大学和麻省理工学院强调在疫情期间确保公众安全的重要性，以及ICE如何无法承认其对波士顿美国地方法院提起的诉讼的重视程度。由于禁止国际学生参加在疫情期间仅提供在线课程的大学，加州大学还敦促ICE没有遵循《行政程序法》，也没有考虑大学和学生的信赖利益。 同样，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院也提出了以下要求：

1. 临时限制令以及初步和永久禁令，阻止被告执行ICE 于7月6日宣布的政策，或将其颁布为最终法规；
2. 撤消并搁置7月6日指令中宣布的政策并恢复3月13日指南的命令；
3. 声明7月6日指令中宣布的政策是非法的； 
4. 判给原告其费用和律师费；和
5. 法院认为适当的任何其他所有此类救济。

关于ICE SEVP更新

The announcement disrupts our international students’ lives and jeopardizes their academic and research pursuits. ICE is unable to offer the most basic answers about how its policy will be interpreted or implemented. And the guidance comes after many US colleges and universities either released or are readying their final decisions for the fall – decisions designed to advance their educational mission and protect the health and safety of their communities.

Our international students now have many questions – about their visas, their health, their families and their ability to continue working toward an MIT degree. Unspoken, but unmistakable, is one more question: Am I welcome?

At MIT, the answer, unequivocally, is yes.

MIT President L. Rafael Reif from MIT action in response to new ICE rule on online learning

该公告扰乱了我们的国际学生的生活，并危及他们对学术和研究的追求。ICE无法提供相关解释或实施其政策的最基本答案。该指导在许多美国高校已公布或正在准备秋季之后发布。这些决定旨在提高其教育使命并保护其社区的健康和安全。
我们的国际学生现在有很多问题–签证，健康，家庭以及继续攻读MIT学位的能力。还有一个不言而喻但毫无疑问的问题：我被欢迎吗？
在麻省理工学院，答案无疑是肯定的。

MIT 校长 L. Rafael Reif from MIT action in response to new ICE rule on online learning

“It is illegal, unnecessary and callous,” “UC will fight this blatant disregard for the law and public health with all the legal means at our disposal.”

University of California President Janet Napolitano in UC poised to sue federal government over new visa policy for international students

“这是非法的，不必要的和残酷的，”“ 加州大学将通过我们掌握的所有合法手段来对抗这种公然无视法律和公共卫生的行为。”

加州大学校长 Janet Napolitano in UC poised to sue federal government over new visa policy for international students

“Immediately after the Fourth of July weekend, ICE threw Harvard and MIT— indeed, virtually all of higher education in the United States—into chaos,” (ICE’s action) “leaves hundreds of thousands of international students with no educational options within the United States“

THE SUIT FILED IN U.S. DISTRICT COURT IN BOSTON FROM HARVARD, MIT AND NORTHEASTERN SUE FEDS OVER RULES BARRING INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

“在7月4日之后，ICE使哈佛和麻省理工学院,实际上是美国的所有高等教育都陷入了混乱，” “ 导致数十万国际学生在美国境内没有任何教育选择。 “

哈佛大学，麻省理工学院和东北大学向波士顿美国地方法院提起诉讼

Instagram上美国各大学院采取的行动

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Brown is joining with a number of peer colleges and universities in opposing a new federal policy that will prohibit international students from returning to or remaining in the United States if their colleges adopt online-only instruction for Fall 2020 or if students choose online-only instruction. The University will file an amicus brief in support of the legal action taken by @Harvard and @mitpics to seek a temporary restraining order to block the implementation of the new federal guidance on the Student and Exchange Visitor Program. Calling the policy “nothing short of cruel” in a message to the campus community, President Christina H. Paxson said it came “at a time when every student, regardless of their country of origin, should benefit from the maximum level of flexibility to pursue their studies in a manner that they or their institutions decide has the highest capacity to support their health and safety.” The brief is expected to be filed with the federal court on Monday, July 13. See link in bio for more information.

A post shared by Brown University (@brownu) on Jul 10, 2020 at 5:22pm PDT

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Today Johns Hopkins filed suit in the U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C., to challenge revised guidance regarding the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP). Our suit alleges violations of the Administrative Procedure Act, due process, and the constitutional protections for universities’ academic freedom, and we will pursue it to the fullest extent. Read our full statement at hub.jhu.edu (or see the link in our story).

A post shared by Johns Hopkins University (@johnshopkinsu) on Jul 10, 2020 at 2:32pm PDT

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Letter to the MIT community regarding action in response to new ICE rule on online learning: See link in profile.

A post shared by MIT (@mitpics) on Jul 10, 2020 at 2:04pm PDT

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University of Minnesota President Gabel today: ““Our planned hybrid teaching model this fall supports both in-person and online courses, which should reduce the impact of ICE’s decision on our nearly 6,200 international students systemwide,” Gabel said. “However, we cannot stand by in good conscience as international students are forced out of the country through no fault of their own. Educational institutions across the country are offering expanded online learning opportunities to comply with the public health advice given by another federal agency—the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—to reduce large gatherings, promote physical distancing and take other precautions to minimize the spread and impact of COVID-19. “We stand with our international students, and international students across the country, in asking that the ICE directive be overturned immediately,” Gabel said.” #globalgophers #umnproud

A post shared by ISSS-University of Minnesota (@isssumn) on Jul 9, 2020 at 2:47pm PDT

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#UChicago will join an amicus brief in support of a lawsuit filed this week challenging the new restrictions on international students.  We are working closely with peer institutions, professional associations, and others to evaluate additional legal challenges and legislative solutions. More at the link in our bio.

A post shared by The University Of Chicago (@uchicago) on Jul 10, 2020 at 7:39am PDT

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Boston University will support two lawsuits and congressional action to fight new federal immigration guidance requiring international students with F-1 visas to leave the US, or transfer to another school, if their university is offering only remote instruction in the fall. BU President Robert A. Brown has directed University officials to join an amicus brief being filed in support of a lawsuit brought by Harvard and MIT against the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) policy by filing an amicus brief in federal district court to enjoin the rules from going into effect. In addition, he has instructed BU lawyers to provide support and evidence to Massachusetts Attorney General Maura Healey as she files a lawsuit in US District Court next week to prevent ICE from enacting the new guidelines.   “The new policy is counterproductive, damaging to the progress of international students who fuel the strength of our national research universities, and xenophobic,” says Jean Morrison, BU provost and chief academic officer. “It should be reversed.” Click the link in our bio for more info.

A post shared by Boston University (@bostonu) on Jul 9, 2020 at 11:50am PDT